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RESEARCH & DATA

The context behind
the capital.

Financial access, agricultural systems, trusted business records and the evidence behind AI-enabled institutional work. Independent research for understanding the problems an institution needs to serve.

Global evidence.
Local questions.

External data can show a need. A banking model must then understand the customer, commodity, service channel and operating conditions in each market.

The research here keeps the measurement year, population and definition visible. The figures describe global and regional conditions; they are distinct from USD2 investments or WAB results.

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1.3BAdults without an accountWorld Bank · 2024 surveys
645MPeople experiencing hungerSOFI 2026 · 2025 estimate
13.3%Food loss before retailFAO weighted measure · 2023
16.5GtAgrifood system emissions · CO₂eFAO · 2023

INDEPENDENT RESEARCH · 2024 survey · Findex 2025

Account ownership by region

All adults ages 15+ in the indicated regional aggregate

Measure% of adults
East Asia & Pacific83.3
Europe & Central Asia77.8
Latin America & Caribbean69.7
Middle East & North Africa52.9
South Asia77.6
Sub-Saharan Africa58.2

World Bank analytical regions; low- and middle-income economies only. High-income economies are excluded from the regional aggregates, including wealthy economies within the same geographic region. Use the World Bank supplied weighted aggregates; do not average country percentages. Regions reflect the Findex 2025 classification and surveyed coverage.

World Bank · Global Findex 2025

RESEARCH

Research chapters

Definitions, report editions and the interpretation behind the headline figures.

WORKING SCENARIOS

Change an assumption.
See the consequence.

Explore seasonal cash, buyer delays, payment cost, delegated authority and environmental measurement.

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USD2 KNOWLEDGE LIBRARY

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26 chapters

Fund 1

Capital. Connected intelligence.

An internal operating system with proprietary AI models, designed to expand what a small human team can accomplish.

Research

From AI adoption to operating evidence.

What the September 2026 State of Markets report changes in USD2’s thinking about intelligence, staffing and institutional advantage.

Fund 1

Capital with a commercial purpose.

Fund 1: 150 million USDT. Institutional ownership, transaction finance and the liquidity that connects them.

Fund 1

From relationship to investment.

An operating process that connects origination, underwriting, documentation, payment and oversight.

Fund 1

Liquidity at the moment it is needed.

USDT treasury, custody and fiat settlement around the obligations of a real transaction.

Fund 1

The right capital for the right obligation.

How institutional equity, transaction finance and other financing routes address different commercial needs.

World Agriculture Bank

The farmer is the starting point.

A banking relationship designed around the people who produce, the enterprises that buy, and the communities that depend on both.

World Agriculture Bank

Access that works in everyday life.

The unbanked population, the rural gap and the practical barriers an agricultural institution must understand.

World Agriculture Bank

Finance that follows the growing cycle.

Seasonal working capital, equipment, produce-backed facilities and the discipline behind repayment.

World Agriculture Bank

Collective scale. Clear responsibility.

A cooperative can connect small producers to larger markets, while making member interests, payments and authority visible.

World Agriculture Bank

Finance the chain that feeds people.

Production, storage, transport and affordable access are connected parts of food security.

World Agriculture Bank

Stewardship with an evidence trail.

Environmental, social and governance questions belong inside credit, operations and reporting.

World Agriculture Bank

A connected agricultural relationship.

World Wallet, BankID, entity reference data and signing authority in one service design.

World Agriculture Bank

Know the entity. Know who may act.

Legal-entity identity, personal authentication and delegated authority answer different questions in a trade.

World Agriculture Bank

Protect the value after harvest.

Storage, processing, cold chains and rural infrastructure need operating models as well as capital.

World Agriculture Bank

An agricultural bank with a wider view.

Connect producers, enterprises, payments and trade through a regulated institutional relationship.

Trade finance

China to Saudi Arabia.

The initial QAF electric-vehicle programme connects manufacturing, export logistics and working capital.

Trade finance

Follow the order all the way to cash.

Purchase orders, eligible costs, shipment, acceptance and collection form one connected financing record.

Trade finance

Controls at each point of exposure.

The trade itself determines which risks need evidence, protection and a clear decision owner.

Trade finance

Working capital across the food chain.

The purchase, storage, processing and movement of agricultural goods create connected financing needs.

Trade finance

Several routes through a financing gap.

Compare trade instruments and working-capital structures by their purpose, conditions and allocation of risk.

Leadership

Experience brought to the same table.

Alexander Frederiksen and Per Troen connect technology, manufacturing, capital structuring and international governance.

Research

Read the financial-access picture.

A dated, comparable view of account ownership, the rural gap, barriers and mobile connectivity.

Research

Agriculture, measured carefully.

Food security, losses and emissions with the report edition, boundary and unit visible.

Research

A reference system for organisations.

LEI, accounting-parent data, vLEI and the responsibilities that remain with the institution.

Research

A shared language for capital and trade.

The terms used across the fund, banking model, trade facilities and research.